Ever since Hans Spemman cloned the first animal, a salamander in 1902, there has been an on-going debate on whether it is justified or not. The cloning of an animal may not be as extreme the cloning of a human, but it is still very cruel. Past and recent studies have shown that animal cloning is not as efficient as it was thought to be, and the end products are weak and not normal. Animal cloning is thought to be productive but
animals won’t evolve if you keep on cloning them.
Experimenting on animals, in most societies, could be acceptable if it caused no
harm to the animal. A movement that helps support the productivity and safety of experimentation on animals is the Animal Welfare Movement. The Animal Welfare Movement (AWM) differs from the Animal Rights Movement (ARW) because the animal rights movement aims to stop all experimentations on animals, while The AWM concentrates of safe experimentation amongst animals. Most individuals would favor the Animal Welfare Movement because humans also get experimented on if all conditions
are safe; therefore, there wouldn’t be much of a debate if it were a known fact that all
experiments on animals were completed in a safe manner. Putting animals in a harmful
situation just to benefit “scientific researches” is very immoral. Like us humans those
animals are also creations of god, and also have a heart and a family. Many people
wouldn’t put their pet’s life at risk just for “scientific research.” Is it justifiable to clone
an animal just because it hasn’t been nurtured by a human its w hole life? Children, when
younger, love to experiment with animals by capturing them or throwing rocks at them.
As parents most people punish their children for harming animals, and as a society we
should punish experts in cloning for harming animals. (David Sztybel, 2004).
Cloning wouldn’t have conveyed such a huge debate amongst people if it were
guaranteed to be safe and efficient. It is a known fact that cloning shortens the time frame
that a mammal has to live. Atsuo Ogura of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases
in Tokyo operated a research on 12 cloned mice compared to a few naturally mated mice.
In this research Ogura concluded that the mice looked active and healthy, but to his
surprise the first mice died after only 311 days of being cloned. By the 800th day 83 % of
the clones were dead. The dead clones portrayed high rates of liver disease, cancer
pneumonia and other illnesses. Will Knight describes the ageing of cloned mammals as
[A number of] cloned mammals, including Dolly, have shorter telomeres than
other animals of the same age. Telomeres are pieces of DNA that protect the ends of
chromosomes. They shorten as cells divide and are therefore considered a measure of
ageing in cells.
Dolly having shorter telomeres implied that she was most definitely older than her
sequential age from the date of her birth. Cloning Dolly took 277 attempts, which means
there were 276 failures. Cloning is not even close to being precise and scientists should
postpone any further experiments on cloning animals until they know for sure that they
will not harm the mammals that they clone. Although the cloning of a sheep was
considered to be successful, the life span of that clone was not successful. Dolly died at a
very early age due to lung cancer and which scientist are trying to excuse the cause of
death as a common disease amongst old sheep’s. If that’s a fact than wouldn’t Dolly have
to be an old sheep to die of lung cancer? Meg Greenfield feels that purposes,
such as medical research are silly excuses used to justify the experimentation of animals.
It’s unethical to take the life of another human being or mammal for no reason other than
to benefit one’s education (Will Knight, 2003, Meg Greenfield, 2003, National Bioethics
Advisory Commission, 1997).
Scientist may have the idea in their heads that cloning will help the evolution of
animals. How is something supposed to evolve if you keep on cloning the same
characteristics ? Cloning won’t make the creature evolve; cloning just creates a twin of
the object that has been cloned. Cloning threatens the individuality and the uniqueness of
each animal that is cloned. Team 24355 and Kayotic Development states how cloning
humans or animals portrays the problem of generating populations that may be exactly
the same, reducing the amount of genetic variety’s of animals in this world. Cloning
certain species of animals is a major problem because this means that scientists are
cloning the same diseases and viruses’ with-in that population. For instance, say a
scientist justified his cloning research to be an attempt to save an endangered species;
now assume that the animal he cloned carried a fatal virus. Interacting with others in that
population, this animal could wipe out it’s whole species and maybe even pass the virus
on to other animals (Team 24355 and Kayotic Development, 1998).
Humans have tried to justify many of their outrageous and unjustifiable acts.
Fortunately animals rights activists have realized the cruelty is being displayed
towards the animals of our world and they are trying to put a stop to it. Cloning is not
only dangerous for the lives of animals but it is also cruel and a disaster to evolution. In
order to raise the children of the future with knowledge and respect, elders should teach
children, that even mammals that aren’t of the human race need to be treated with respect
and care.
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